My History Writing Was Based On What

The Second World War Had A Precipitating Effect In That It Discredited The Empires, As Well As Bankrupting Them. Not Only Could You No Longer, If You Were A Colonial Subject Of France In Africa, Look To France As A Model Of Power And Influence And Civility After What Had Happened In The War. Nor Could The French Any Longer Afford To Run Their Empire. And Nor Could The British, Although They Were Not Discredited In The Way That The French Were.

There Is Nothing To Be Said For Being Crippled. You Don't See The World Better Or Clearer, Nor Do You Develop Some Special Set Of Skills By Way Of Compensation.

What I Am Against Is False Optimism: The Notion Either That Things Have To Go Well, Or Else That They Tend To, Or Else That The Default Condition Of Historical Trajectories Is Characteristically Beneficial In The Long-run.

History Can Show You That It Was One Pile Of Bad Stuff After Another. It Can Also Show You That There's Been Tremendous Progress In Knowledge, Behaviour, Laws, Civilisation. It Cannot Show You That There Was A Meaning Behind It.

The East European Small Countries Have A Sense Of Betrayal, Of Having Been Forgotten By Western Leaders.